The organs that produce and transport spermatozoa towards women’s genitals are: the testicles, the epididymis, the deferent ducts (ductus deferens), the seminal vesicles, the ejaculatory duct, the prostate and part of the urethra.
The testicles are two oval-shaped organs. Embryonically, they originate in the abdominal cavity, then, they drop and are located outside of this region, inside of a protective pouch known as the scrotum. They are connected to the body through the scrotal tissue and spermatic cords, which are made up of nerves, blood vessels and deferent vessels.
The inside consists of seminiferous tubules, Leydig or interstitial cells (they produce hormones called androgens, which include testosterone, androsterone and androstenedione) and Sertoli cells (which nurture immature sperms). The testicles have a double function: producing spermatozoa and testosterone (a sex hormone in charge of controlling the reproductive organs and secondary male characteristics, like facial and body hair, changing voice, etc.).
The seminiferous tubes are a set of long ducts (between 1 and 4) that are rolled-up within the testicles. Spermatogenesis takes place within them, in other words, spermatozoa are produced here.
The seminal vesicles are two tubes that measure nearly five centimeters long. They are in charge of manufacturing seminal liquid, which is made up of fructose. It is then mixed-up with the spermatozoa in order to form semen. It is an energy source for the sperms (it constitutes 60% of semen).
In addition, it produces a substance that causes semen to coagulate at the uterus neck of the woman. The vesicles are found behind the urinary bladder, in front of the rectum and above the base of the prostate, to which it is connected to at its bottom end.
